{"id":1895,"date":"2023-10-29T22:45:01","date_gmt":"2023-10-29T14:45:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/?p=1895"},"modified":"2023-10-29T22:45:02","modified_gmt":"2023-10-29T14:45:02","slug":"linux%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e5%92%8c%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/index.php\/2023\/10\/29\/linux%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e5%92%8c%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7f51\u7edc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7f51\u7edc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux\u4e0b\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"255\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-13-1024x255.png?v=1698286757\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1917\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-13-1024x255.png?v=1698286757 1024w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-13-300x75.png?v=1698286757 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-13-768x191.png?v=1698286757 768w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-13.png?v=1698286757 1026w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b1301\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"76\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-14-1024x76.png?v=1698287092\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1918\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-14-1024x76.png?v=1698287092 1024w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-14-300x22.png?v=1698287092 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-14-768x57.png?v=1698287092 768w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-14.png?v=1698287092 1231w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"52\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-15-1024x52.png?v=1698287220\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1920\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-15-1024x52.png?v=1698287220 1024w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-15-300x15.png?v=1698287220 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-15-768x39.png?v=1698287220 768w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-15.png?v=1698287220 1155w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"928\" height=\"310\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-16.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1921\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-16.png?v=1698287266 928w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-16-300x100.png?v=1698287266 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-16-768x257.png?v=1698287266 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 928px) 100vw, 928px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ps\u3001netstat\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001ps\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>2.1\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ps\u547d\u4ee4\u6781\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528help\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-palette-color-4-color has-palette-color-8-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ ps --help\n\nUsage:\n ps &#91;options]\n\n Try 'ps --help &lt;simple|list|output|threads|misc|all&gt;'\n  or 'ps --help &lt;s|l|o|t|m|a&gt;'\n for additional help text.\n\nubuntu@ubuntu:~$ ps --help all\n\nUsage:\n ps &#91;options]\n\nBasic options:\n -A, -e               all processes\n -a                   all with tty, except session leaders\n  a                   all with tty, including other users\n -d                   all except session leaders\n -N, --deselect       negate selection\n  r                   only running processes\n  T                   all processes on this terminal\n  x                   processes without controlling ttys\n\nSelection by list:\n -C &lt;command&gt;         command name\n -G, --Group &lt;gid&gt;    real group id or name\n -g, --group &lt;group&gt;  session or effective group name\n -p, --pid &lt;pid&gt;      process id\n     --ppid &lt;pid&gt;     select by parent process id\n -s, --sid &lt;session&gt;  session id\n -t, t, --tty &lt;tty&gt;   terminal\n -u, U, --user &lt;uid&gt;  effective user id or name\n -U, --User &lt;uid&gt;     real user id or name\n\n  selection &lt;arguments&gt; take either:\n    comma-separated list e.g. '-u root,nobody' or\n    blank-separated list e.g. '-p 123 4567'\n\nOutput formats:\n -F                   extra full\n -f                   full-format, including command lines\n  f, --forest         ascii art process tree\n -H                   show process hierarchy\n -j                   jobs format\n  j                   BSD job control format\n -l                   long format\n  l                   BSD long format\n -M, Z                add security data (for SELinux)\n -O &lt;format&gt;          preloaded with default columns\n  O &lt;format&gt;          as -O, with BSD personality\n -o, o, --format &lt;format&gt;\n                      user defined format\n  s                   signal format\n  u                   user-oriented format\n  v                   virtual memory format\n  X                   register format\n -y                   do not show flags, show rrs vs. addr (used with -l)\n     --context        display security context (for SELinux)\n     --headers        repeat header lines, one per page\n     --no-headers     do not print header at all\n     --cols, --columns, --width &lt;num&gt;\n                      set screen width\n     --rows, --lines &lt;num&gt;\n                      set screen height\n\nShow threads:\n  H                   as if they where processes\n -L                   possibly with LWP and NLWP columns\n -m, m                after processes\n -T                   possibly with SPID column\n\nMiscellaneous options:\n -c                   show scheduling class with -l option\n  c                   show true command name\n  e                   show the environment after command\n  k,    --sort        specify sort order as: &#91;+|-]key&#91;,&#91;+|-]key&#91;,...]]\n  L                   list format specifiers\n  n                   display numeric uid and wchan\n  S,    --cumulative  include some dead child process data\n -y                   do not show flags, show rss (only with -l)\n -V, V, --version     display version information and exit\n -w, w                unlimited output width\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3>2.2\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09<strong>ps -ef<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"662\" height=\"238\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1898\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-1.png?v=1698283015 662w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-1-300x108.png?v=1698283015 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 662px) 100vw, 662px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b57\u6bb5\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>UID\uff1a\u7528\u6237ID<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PID\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PPID\uff1a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\uff1acpu\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>STIME\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TTY\uff1a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u53d1\u8d77\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u8bc6\u522b\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u663e\u793a\u201c?\u201d\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u7ec8\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TIME\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CMD\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09<strong>ps aux<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"810\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1900\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-2.png?v=1698283518 810w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-2-300x87.png?v=1698283518 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-2-768x222.png?v=1698283518 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b57\u6bb5\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>USER\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PID\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>%CPU\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528CPU\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>%MEM\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>VSZ\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5355\u4f4dKB\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RSS\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u5b9e\u9645\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5355\u4f4dKB\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TTY\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>STAT\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>START\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TIME\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>COMMAND\uff1a\u8c03\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4>2\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53c2\u6570\u7b5b\u9009<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5305\u542bpython\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1aps aux|grep python<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"59\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-4-1024x59.png?v=1698283960\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1902\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-4-1024x59.png?v=1698283960 1024w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-4-300x17.png?v=1698283960 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-4-768x44.png?v=1698283960 768w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-4.png?v=1698283960 1243w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u4ee5\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u964d\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\uff1aps aux --sort=-pmem\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u5347\u5e8f\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u8d1f\u53f7\u662f\u964d\u5e8f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"151\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-3-1024x151.png?v=1698283720\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1901\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-3-1024x151.png?v=1698283720 1024w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-3-300x44.png?v=1698283720 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-3-768x113.png?v=1698283720 768w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-3.png?v=1698283720 1234w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u4ee5\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u964d\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u524d5\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\uff1aps -aux | sort -nk 4 -r | head -5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"939\" height=\"107\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1903\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-5.png?v=1698284137 939w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-5-300x34.png?v=1698284137 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-5-768x88.png?v=1698284137 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 939px) 100vw, 939px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u7b5b\u9009ubuntu\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"829\" height=\"145\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1905\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6.png?v=1698284336 829w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6-300x52.png?v=1698284336 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-6-768x134.png?v=1698284336 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 829px) 100vw, 829px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4>3\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>STAT\u5b57\u6bb5\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a<br>D\uff1a\u7761\u7720\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u4e0d\u53ef\u88ab\u5524\u9192\uff09\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8eI\/O\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<br>R\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c<br>S\uff1a\u7761\u7720\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u53ef\u88ab\u5524\u9192\uff09<br>T\uff1a\u505c\u6b62\u72b6\u6001<br>W\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u4e92\u72b6\u6001<br>Z\uff1a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7531\u4e8e\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u505c\u6b62\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u5199\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6bd4\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53c8\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u5e38\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u662f\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7531init\u63a5\u7ba1\uff0cinit \u7ed3\u675f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u56de\u6536\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\uff09<br>&lt;\uff1a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<br>N\uff1a\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<br>L\uff1a\u88ab\u9501\u5165\u5185\u5b58<br>s\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<br>l\uff1a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b<br>+\uff1a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u540e\u53f0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001netstat\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>3.1 \u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>netstat\u547d\u4ee4\u6781\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528help\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-palette-color-4-color has-palette-color-8-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><code>ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ netstat --help\nusage: netstat &#91;-vWeenNcCF] &#91;&lt;Af&gt;] -r         netstat {-V|--version|-h|--help}\n       netstat &#91;-vWnNcaeol] &#91;&lt;Socket&gt; ...]\n       netstat { &#91;-vWeenNac] -i | &#91;-cWnNe] -M | -s }\n\n        -r, --route              display routing table\n        -i, --interfaces         display interface table\n        -g, --groups             display multicast group memberships\n        -s, --statistics         display networking statistics (like SNMP)\n        -M, --masquerade         display masqueraded connections\n\n        -v, --verbose            be verbose\n        -W, --wide               don't truncate IP addresses\n        -n, --numeric            don't resolve names\n        --numeric-hosts          don't resolve host names\n        --numeric-ports          don't resolve port names\n        --numeric-users          don't resolve user names\n        -N, --symbolic           resolve hardware names\n        -e, --extend             display other\/more information\n        -p, --programs           display PID\/Program name for sockets\n        -c, --continuous         continuous listing\n\n        -l, --listening          display listening server sockets\n        -a, --all, --listening   display all sockets (default: connected)\n        -o, --timers             display timers\n        -F, --fib                display Forwarding Information Base (default)\n        -C, --cache              display routing cache instead of FIB\n\n  &lt;Socket&gt;={-t|--tcp} {-u|--udp} {-w|--raw} {-x|--unix} --ax25 --ipx --netrom\n  &lt;AF&gt;=Use '-6|-4' or '-A &lt;af&gt;' or '--&lt;af&gt;'; default: inet\n  List of possible address families (which support routing):\n    inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) \n    netrom (AMPR NET\/ROM) ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP) \n    x25 (CCITT X.25)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3>3.2\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>netstat -antup\uff08t\u8868\u793aTCP\u3001u\u8868\u793aUDP\u3001x\u8868\u793aUNIX\uff0cp\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"965\" height=\"253\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1909\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-8.png?v=1698285112 965w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-8-300x79.png?v=1698285112 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-8-768x201.png?v=1698285112 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 965px) 100vw, 965px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u542cTCP\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>netstat -anltp\uff08l\u8868\u793a\u76d1\u542c\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"883\" height=\"93\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1911\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-9.png?v=1698285473 883w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-9-300x32.png?v=1698285473 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-9-768x81.png?v=1698285473 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 883px) 100vw, 883px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>3\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>netstat -r<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"801\" height=\"93\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1912\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-10.png?v=1698285508 801w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-10-300x35.png?v=1698285508 300w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-10-768x89.png?v=1698285508 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 801px) 100vw, 801px\" 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src=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1915\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-12.png?v=1698285712 484w, https:\/\/www.zhiwanyuzhou.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/image-12-300x223.png?v=1698285712 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>3.3\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>LISTEN\uff1a \u4fa6\u542c\u6765\u81ea\u8fdc\u65b9\u7684TCP\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SYN-SENT\uff1a \u518d\u53d1\u9001\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u7b49\u5f85\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SYN-RECEIVED\uff1a\u518d\u6536\u5230\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u7b49\u5f85\u5bf9\u65b9\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ESTABLISHED\uff1a \u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FIN-WAIT-1\uff1a \u7b49\u5f85\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6216\u5148\u524d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FIN-WAIT-2\uff1a \u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u7b49\u5f85\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CLOSE-WAIT\uff1a \u7b49\u5f85\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CLOSING\uff1a \u7b49\u5f85\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LAST-ACK\uff1a \u7b49\u5f85\u539f\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5411\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TIME-WAIT\uff1a \u7b49\u5f85\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8fdc\u7a0bTCP\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CLOSED\uff1a 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